Genetic Toxicity Evaluation
Preclinical evaluation for innovative drugs plays an essential role in predicting potential drug toxicity before they are first applied to humans. Our company provides leading-edge genetic toxicology evaluation services and essential platforms to help you get ahead of the curve in the therapeutics development for autoimmune diseases & inflammation.
Overview of Genetic Toxicity
Genetic toxicity of drugs refers to the toxic effects of genotoxic substances that cause changes in the molecular structure or genetic material of the genome of an organism's cells. The alteration of an organism's genetic information may be caused by compounds or other environmental factors, and this altered genetic information or genetic material can be passed on to future generations of cells, giving them new genetic characteristics. Genetic toxicity can be categorized into four types: DNA damage, gene mutations, changes in chromosome structure and changes in chromosome number.
Fig.1 Schematic representation of signaling events within a cell that enable DNA damage to promote aging (Yousefzadeh M., et al., 2021)
Types of Drug Mutagenic Effects
- Gene Mutation
Genetic mutation refers to the phenomenon of sudden, heritable variation of genomic DNA molecules. Genetic mutation is a common phenomenon in the biological world, usually one or more bases of a chromosome change, which cannot be directly observed with a light microscope.
Point Mutation
Point mutations, also known as base substitution mutations, are mutations that change only one base pair, thus causing a change in an RNA codon during DNA transcription, which in turn causes a change in an amino acid in a polypeptide chain during translation.
Frameshift Mutation
Frameshift mutation is the loss of one or more bases in the base sequence on a polynucleotide strand of DNA, resulting in a change in the base sequence below the mutated site, which results in a change in the amount of genetic information in the subsequent triple codon during transcription and translation.
- Chromosome Aberration
Chromosome aberrations are increases or decreases in the number of chromosomes or structural changes that can be observed and recognized under a microscope. Chromosome aberrations can be categorized into numerical and structural aberrations.
Chromosome Numerical Aberration
Human somatic cells have 46 chromosomes containing two sets of chromosomes and are called diploid, while germ cells have 23 chromosomes called haploid. When the number of chromosomes in a mutant cell change, it is called a chromosome numerical aberration.
Chromosome Structural Aberration
Under the action of mutating factors, chromosomes break from the long axis, and the broken chromosome fragments form the following aberrations according to different ways of reattachment: deficiency, duplication, inversion, translocation.
Our Services
With the development of molecular biology technology and its wide application in the medical field, it provides more and more choices and possibilities for the development of novel therapies for autoimmune diseases. Our company provides drug safety evaluation services with the support from multidisciplinary experts and utilization of various technological platforms, including but not limited as:
Ames Test
The Ames Test is a test that uses a histidine-deficient mutant strain of Salmonella Typhimurium as an indicator microorganism and observes its reversion to wild-type mutation in the presence of the test drug.
In Vitro Mammalian Chromosomal Aberration Test
The Mammalian Chromosomal Aberration Test uses rat and mouse cells for chromosomal analysis to observe and analyze drug-induced chromosomal aberrations and to understand their effects on cellular chromosomes.
Micronucleus Test
The Micronucleus Test is the most commonly used short-term mammalian in vivo genotoxicity test for evaluating chromosome damage, which can detect not only changes in chromosome structure but also abnormalities in chromosome number.
Our Advantages
Extensive Experience
We have extensive experience in drug safety evaluation.
Advanced Technology
We have advanced laboratory facilities and technology platforms.
Customizable Solution
We can provide customized solutions based on specific project objectives.
Competitive Price
Our prices for quality services are highly competitive.
Staffed by experts in novel drug discovery and researchers engaged in pharmacology and toxicology with a solid foundation in preclinical safety evaluation of therapeutic drugs, our company is committed to providing you with professional services in the development of therapeutic drugs for Autoimmune Diseases & Inflammation. If you are interested in our services, please don't hesitate to contact us.
Reference
- Yousefzadeh, Matt et al. "DNA damage-how and why we age?." eLife 10 (2021): e62852.