Immunotoxicity Evaluation
Preclinical evaluation for innovative drugs plays an essential role in predicting potential drug toxicity before they are first applied to humans. Our company provides leading-edge drug immunotoxicity evaluation services and essential platforms to help you get ahead of the curve in the therapeutics development for autoimmune diseases & inflammation.
Overview of Immunotoxicity
The immune system is one of the most sensitive target organs for drug-induced toxicity in the body, and many adverse drug reactions originate from immune abnormalities or immunotoxicity. Drugs can directly damage the structure and function of immune organs, tissues and cells, and affect the synthesis, release and biological activity of immune molecules. The excessive interference of drugs with the immune system, either by immune-enhancing or immune-suppressing effects, will have adverse effects on the body.
Fig.1 Schematic representation of immunomodulatory properties of CNMs in the monocyte–macrophage system. (Svadlakova T., et al., 2022)
Types of Drug-induced Immunotoxicity
Immune system toxicity involves a wide range of adverse effects, including suppression or enhancement of the immune response. The suppression of the immune response leads to a decrease in host resistance to pathogens or tumor cells, while the enhancement of the immune response amplifies autoimmune diseases or hypersensitivity reactions.
- Drug-induced Immunosuppression
The suppression of immune function by drugs includes inhibition of humoral immune function, cellular immune function, macrophage function, NK cell function and host resistance. The decrease in immune function leads to a decrease in the body's resistance to bacteria, viruses, tumors and parasites, thus causing infectious diseases of the body and even leading to an increase in the incidence of tumors. - Drug-induced Allergic Reactions
Allergic reaction is a specific immune response of the body to recognize exogenous substances and is one of the common adverse reactions to drugs.
Immediate Hypersensitivity
Immediate Hypersensitivity is an IgE-mediated anaphylactic reaction characterized by rapid onset and obvious pathophysiological effects, which may be manifested as severe systemic allergic reactions such as skin urticaria, bronchial asthma, allergic gastroenteritis, and even respiratory distress and shock.
Antibody-dependent Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity
Antibody-dependent cytotoxic hypersensitivity is a pathologic immune response, predominantly characterized by cytolysis or tissue damage, induced by the binding of IgG or IgM antibodies to the corresponding antigens on the surface of the target cells with the participation of complement, phagocytes, and NK cells.
Immune-complex-mediated Hypersensitivity
Immune complex-mediated allergic reactions are also associated with IgG and IgM and usually consist of soluble immune complexes composed of drugs, specific antibodies and complement components. These complexes are deposited in areas such as blood vessel walls, joints, and glomeruli, triggering immune damage.
Cell-mediated Hypersensitivity
Cell-mediated Hypersensitivity is a cellular immune response that does not involve antibodies or complement and occurs more slowly, usually 48 to 72 hours after re-exposure to the antigen. It is also known as a delayed allergic reaction.
Our Services
With the development of molecular biology technology and its wide application in the medical field, it provides more and more choices and possibilities for the development of novel therapies for autoimmune diseases. Our company provides drug safety evaluation services with the support from multidisciplinary experts and utilization of various technological platforms, including but not limited as:
Detection of Immunologic Indications
- Hematology
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Gross Pathology of Immune System
- Organ Weight of Immune System
- Histopathology of Immune System
Immune Cell Functional Activity Assay
- T-cell Dependent Antibody Response (TDAR) Assays
- Immunophenotyping
- Natural Killer (NK) Cell Activity Assays
- Host Resistance Studies
- Macrophage/neutrophil Function
- Assays to Measure Cellular Immunity
Our Advantages
Extensive Experience
We have extensive experience in drug safety evaluation.
Advanced Technology
We have advanced laboratory facilities and technology platforms.
Customizable Solution
We can provide customized solutions based on specific project objectives.
Competitive Price
Our prices for quality services are highly competitive.
Staffed by experts in novel drug discovery and researchers engaged in pharmacology and toxicology with a solid foundation in preclinical safety evaluation of therapeutic drugs, our company is committed to providing you with professional services in the development of therapeutic drugs for Autoimmune Diseases & Inflammation. If you are interested in our services, please don't hesitate to contact us.
Reference
- Svadlakova, Tereza et al. "Immunotoxicity of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials, Starring Phagocytes." International journal of molecular sciences 23,16 (2022): 8889.